Globally, it is estimated that around 1 in 6 people experience fertility challenges at some point in their lives. Similar patterns are seen across Europe, including Denmark, where many couples seek help to become pregnant.
At Maigaard fertility clinics in Odense and Aarhus, we know that fertility care goes far beyond medical treatment. For many, it is a deeply personal journey shaped by hope, uncertainty, and the realities of infertility in daily life. Understanding that infertility is common and, in some cases, treatable, can be a crucial first step for the individuals who are experiencing involuntary childlessness. It can make it easier to seek professional guidance, ask questions, and explore possible next steps with greater clarity.
What Causes Infertility?
There are many possible causes of infertility, and it can affect both women and men.
Common causes of infertility in women include:
- Irregular or absent ovulation
- Blocked or damaged fallopian tubes
- Conditions such as endometriosis
In men, fertility challenges are often linked to:
- Low sperm count
- Reduced sperm quality or function
- Blockages affecting sperm delivery
Endocrine imbalances are also a common contributing factor. Lifestyle and general health condition, such as smoking, alcohol consumption, body weight, and stress, can compromise reproductive function too.
In many cases, infertility is influenced by a combination of factors, and sometimes it is challenging to identify a specific clear cause. This is why individual assessment is an important part of the process.
The Evolution of Fertility Treatment
Fertility treatment has developed significantly over the past decades. What was once considered impossible for many patients may be medically achievable now. Many patients who previously had limited options for becoming pregnant, are getting hope due to fertility treatment.
This progress is the result of a series of crucial scientific and clinical milestones, starting with the early research into reproductive hormones in the mid-20th century, which made it possible to better understand ovulation and the impact of hormonal on fertility.
A major turning point came in 1978 with the birth of the first child conceived through in vitro fertilisation (IVF). It proved that fertilisation outside the body could lead to a successful pregnancy. IVF gradually became a standard treatment, with techniques and outcomes improving over time.
One of the notable further advances was the introduction of Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection (ICSI), which created a possibility to treat certain forms of male infertility that previously had lacked effective solutions. Developments in embryo and egg freezing allowed to preserve fertility and plan treatment with greater flexibility.
Subsequently, laboratory techniques have become more precise, improving the process of embryo development and selection and providing more options for personalised treatment.
Today, fertility treatments can support a wider range of patients than ever before. This includes, among others, individuals with bilateral fallopian tube blockage, severe oligozoospermia or azoospermia, as well as certain hereditary genetic conditions or chromosomal abnormalities.
In 2018 alone, Denmark was the world’s leader in the number of births with the help of the of assisted reproductive technology (ART), with around 10% of all births achieved with such treatments. Denmark is therefore one of the most experienced countries in fertility treatment today, attracting patients from all over the world.
Today, this treatment is widely used, and a 2025 study by G. Adamson, M.D., shows that globally, between 10 and 13 million children have been born through IVF in the 40 years since the first IVF baby in 1978.
Fertility treatment continues to develop, helping fulfill the dream of having a child, but results still vary depending on individual factors such as age and medical history.
Types of Fertility Treatments
There are several ways to approach fertility treatment. Common options include:
• In Vitro Fertilisation (IVF)
Eggs are fertilised outside the body and are then inserted into the uterus.
• Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection (ICSI)
A single sperm cell is injected directly into an egg, often used in cases of male infertility.
• Fertility preservation (egg freezing)
Allows individuals to store eggs for potential use later in life.
• Donor programmes
Including donor sperm or donor eggs, depending on individual needs.
At Maigaard, treatment plans are always tailored to the individual, based on medical findings and personal circumstances.
Success Rates and Individual Factors
Fertility treatment has helped many people become parents, but it is necessary to understand success rates are influenced by several factors, including:
- Age
- Underlying medical conditions
- Type of treatment
- Individual biological factors
This is why a personalised approach is essential. A thorough assessment helps create a treatment plan that reflects each patient’s specific situation so they can make informed and realistic choices.
The Emotional Side of Fertility Treatment
Fertility challenges are not only physical. They are often closely connected to mental health and emotional well-being.
Many people experiencing infertility feel frustrated about difficulties getting pregnant, struggle with uncertainty and other difficult emotions. Going through fertility treatment could be an already sensitive period and these feelings can affect daily life and create additional pressure.
This experience can also affect relationships. For some, it may place strain on communication, while for others, it can strengthen the connection and mutual understanding over time.
The psychosocial aspects of infertility significantly affect the overall experience. Access to social support, whether from a partner, family, friends, or healthcare professionals, can make a meaningful difference for patients.
At Maigaard, we recognise that fertility treatment is not only about medical care. We are here to guide patients through every step of the process, making sure they feel informed, listened to, and understood.